Fluid-motor.



H. W. KIMES.

FLUID MOTOR.

APPLICATION FILED JULY 14,1913. 1,1 82 1. Patented Mar. 16, 1915.

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H. W. KIMES.

FLUfD MOTOR.

APPLICATION FILED JULY 14,1913.

1,13%,188. Patented Mar.16,1915.

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FLUID MOTOR.

APPLICATION TILED JULY 14, 1913.

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H. W. KIMES.

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H. W. KIMES.

FLUID MOTOR.

APPLICATION FILED JULY 14, 1913.

Patented Mar. 16, 1915.

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UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

HUGH W. KIMES, OF DAYTON, OHIO, ASSIGNOR T0 VAILE &. KIMES, A FIRM COMPOSED OF J. H. VAILE AND HUGH W. KIMES, BOTH 0F DAYTON, OHIO.

FLUID-MOTOR.

Application filed July 14, 1913.

To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, HUGH WV. KIMEs, a

citizen of the United States, residing at Dayton, in the county of Montgomery and 'State of Ohio, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Fluid-Motors,

of which the following is a specification.

My invention .relates to hydraulic motors primarily of a reciprocating type wherein a -method of establishing communication between the cylinders rather than in the control of the fluid, or, in the principle of operation of the motor.

To more comprehensively disclose the invention it is presented in a preferred embodiment as a duplex hydraulic motor in which the advantages are more readily apparent.

It has been customary heretofore to groove or channel the connecting faces of the power and valve cylinder chests and provide an intermediate division plate to separate the grooves from each other. that is. one set was formed on the base of the valve cylinder chest. and the second formed on the top of the power cylinder chest to form the independent passages. In the duplex form of motor, herein referred to, the valve chest and piston chest are made of cast-iron. with the conduits connecting the valve and power c linders formed of insert units. comprising a tubing of ductile non-corrodible metal, which permits it to be bent into various shapes. its ends provided with terminals preferably in the nature of annular bosses or plugs so that they can be driven or forced into orifices or bores in the cast-iron body of either the valve or power cylinder chest or both to substantially integrall connect the conduits with the body. As illustrated the insert units are applied Within a recess formed in the base of the valve chest, possessing advantage in making separable chest sections and conceal the tubing or insert units when the parts are united.

. Therefore. an object of myinvention is to provide a fluid motor of a pressure operated .Valve type for controlling the, movement of the power piston or pistons, with conduit Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Mar. 16, 1915.

Serial No. 778,875.

inserts secured with the body of the motor to establish communication between two or more cylinders for conveying fluid from one to the other for operating the parts to change the stroke of the piston or pistons.

A further object of the invention relates to a coupling unit of bendable tubing haw lng plug terminals each terminal adapted to be driven into an aperture for uniting two members with a fluid conveying conduit.

Many advantages result from the use of the coupling in connecting various cylinders of the fluid motor, as, the major portion of the machine not being exposed to the fluid, to cheapen its cost it may be made of castiron, with the conduit of a metal not affected by the chemical properties of the fluid, so as not to become choked by corrosion. It reduces coring complications in casting. for passage coring is eliminated. The couplings are quickly, conveniently and efficiently installed, insuring against leakage and bendable to cross one another to shorten their circuit.

Other features of my invention and objects will be in part obvious from the annexed drawings. and in part indicated in connection therewith by the following analysis of this invention.

The invention accordingly consists in the features or com ination of pa ts and arrangements of elements deduci'le herefrom. all as more completely outlined herein to enable those skilled in the a t to fully comprehend the underlying features thereof that thev may embody the same by numerous modifications contemplated by this in eu tion. drawings depicting a preferred form havebeen annexed as a part of this disclosure. and in such drawings like characte s of reference denote corresponding parts throughout all the views. of which Figure 1 is a central vertical section through the left piston and valve cylinders of a duplex motor. Fig. 2 is a top plan view of the piston chest. Fig. 3 is a bottom plan view of the alve chest. Fig. 4 is a view similar to Fig. v3, in an unfinished state. illustrating a step in the process of manufacture. and will be more fully described in detail hereinafter. Fig. 5 is a section on line 5-5, Fig. 1. Fig. 6 is a section on line 6-43. Fig. 1. Fig. 7 is a section on line 77, Fig. 1. Fig. 8 is a central vertical section on line 8--8, Fig. 7. Fig. 9 is a secabutments for the cup packings 12,12." The I tion similar to Fig. 7 showing the valves in areverse or alternate position. Fig. 10 is a central detail section through one ofthe conduit inserts as a unit. "Fig. 11 is a diagrammatic view of the various cylinders and their pistons and the conduits and passages i'pleX type, each chest provides two cylinders adjacent each other. As the piston chestis made of cast-iron, its cylinder bores are lined with cylindrical inserts 3' which respectively form a right power cylinder 4 and a left power cylinder 5.- The inserts of eachcylinder are of two-part form or intermediately'divided or apertured to con nect each cylinder with a common exhaust chamber formed intermediatelyinthe, piston chest, see Figs. 1 and 2, to be more fully hereinafter described. i I

As both right and left power cylinders and their parts are the duplicates of each other, a detailed description of one will be sufiicient. Each power cylinder is provided with a rear removable cylinder head 5, and a front removable cylinder head 6, the head 6 ofeach cylinder has a' stufling-box 7, through which a piston rod 8 passes and connects to a piston within its cylinder. Each p ston comprises a spool 8 concentrically bored to receive thepiston rod, with its flanges 9,10, each respectively providing cup packings and piston parts are secured together by the flange nuts 13, 13, secured to the piston rod at opposite ends of the The spool form of piston and its piston. cylinder form an intermediate exhaust chamber 11, transferable with the movement of the piston to bring the chamber alternately into communication with different passages. The intermediate chamber 11 is constantly in communication'with the eX- haust chamber 14, which'is common to all cvlinders, formedwithin the-motor chests.

element of an opposite set, therefore, in the descr tion he ein ce ta n elements orHcom-V binations'may be defined by their location, without reiterating the specificdetails of been designated as a right power'cylinder and valve cylinderj'l5 directly above the same, as'the right valvecylin der, and thus each. To this end, power cylinder 4 has a Similar reference though which the piston rod'moves, and-the rear containing the cylinder head 5- The valve'cylindersare each"provided withga piston valve, both of duplicatecon- 'struction, each" comprising a valve stemrl 8, intermediatelyprovided with the spaced fianges- 19, 20, supporting respectivelyflthe cup packings 21, 22, to form an intermediate.

exhaust chamber 23, movable with theyalve.

Upon the forward end of the stem 18, ad-

jacent the flange 20, a spool 24 isfdetachably secured, one end of the-spool engaging the packing'QQ and its opposite end supports a cup packing 25, and both secured upon the valve stem by a flange nut 26, The spool with the packing and cylinder provides a fluid supply chamber 27 movable with the valve. The rearend of the valve stem 18 is provided with similar parts,

namely, a spool 24, having one end engaging against the packing 21, its oppositeend 7 engaging a cup packing 28, and the parts secured upon the stem by a flange nut 29.- The spoolqwith its packings and cylinder form a rear water supply'chamber 29 movable with the valve. The supply chambers 27 and29 producea normally balanced valve,

with its fluid supply under equal pressure.

ward end of the valve and the front cylin- "der head 17, designated as a front valve pressure chamber, with a similar chamber between the opposite end of the valve and rear cylinder head 17' as a rear valve pres- I sure chamber 31,'each valve cylinder has'a plural series of apertures formed-around the cylinder servingas ports',isome"ofswhich are controlled by the valves' 1 32 representsa watersupply chamber cored within the valve chest, extended so as to communicate. through the perforations 33 of the right and left valve cylinders'in com 'mon with the forward" valvesupply chamhere 27 and through perforations 34 of both 7.

cylinders, with the rear valve supplycha'mbers 29. The supply chamber 32h21SQfl'Il inlet port 35in the projection 36 cast in- Itegral with'the valve chest. Each valve cyl inder is provided with a second seriesof p forations 37, 38, for establishing cation respectively between the forward valve chamber 27 and the forward portion of its power cylinder, through a conduit 39 formed in the valve and piston chests; the perforations 38, establishing communication between a valve cylinder and the rear end of its power cylinder beneath, through a conduit 40, cored within the valve and piston chests. I

41 represents an intermediate series of perforations in each valve cylinder to connect with the exhaust chamber 14, see Fig. 5. Thus, as shown in Fig. 1, the position of the valve at one end of its stroke will open the forward valve supply chamber 27 into communication with the forward end of its power cylinder through passage 39 to force the piston rearward or to the left. In such position the valve ports 38, 41, communicate through chamber 23 to open the exhaust side of the power cylinder for exhausting the fluid through passage 40, port 38, chamber 23, port 41, into the exhaust chamber 14, and discharging from the motor through the outlet 42. When the valve is in the reverse position, as shown in Fig. 8, a reverse operation of the parts takes place, in which the active fluid passes through conduit 40 and a discharge through the conduit 39. Therefore, each valve controls the supply and exhaust to the forward and rearward ends of its respective power cylinder.

Valve controL-As heretofore stated, the power pistons control the fluid supply and exhaust to respective valve cylinders for shifting the valves to reverse the movement of the pistons. To accomplish this result conduits or passages connecting the valve and power cylinders are provided, and it is the construction of these conduits which forms the broad aspect of this invention. To gain a clearer conception of the invention, it may be best to begin with the function and location of the conduits or passages, and for this purpose, examination is directed to Fig. 11. This figure, diagrammatically, shows all the conduits and passages connecting the various valve and power cylinders, with their forward ends directed toward the right side of the sheet. A conduit 43 connects the forward portion of the power cylinder 4 with the forward portion of the valve cylinder 16, so that when the piston in cylinder 4 moves rearwardly suflicient to uncover the port to said conduit 43 and admit fluid under pressure therethrough, it will force the valve 16 rearwardly, changing the direction of the supply to the power cylinder 5, for moving the piston rearwardly or to the left from that shown in the drawings. A second conduit 44 connects with the rearward portion of the power cylinder 4 and the rear end of valve cylinder 16. This conduit, as illustrated, is open to the intermediate exhaust chamber of the piston in cylinder 4, relieving the valve in cylinder 16 of any pressure at such rear end and thereby unbalancing the valve when the pressure is admitted into the forward end of said cylinder. A third conduit 45 connects the rear portion of the left power cylinder 5 with the forward portion of the right valve cylinder 15, with the piston in cylinder 5 controlling the supply and exhaust in substantially the same manner, as

described, for the piston in cylinder'4. 46 represents a fourth conduit connecting the forward portion of the left power cylinder 5 with the rear portion of the right valve cylinder 15. It will be seen that conduits 45, 46, cross each other, and were very difiicult to provide, in motors of this class, as heretofore constructed. These passages are of small area, making them very diflicult and expensive to core, and if cored, easily clogged from corrosion if the body is made of cast-iron and rendering the motor impractical for the use for which it is primarily intended. That of operating the motor by water pressure from city mains, distributing hard or well Water, for operating a pump to distribute soft water taken from cistern for general use in a home or building.

My improvement is to construct the body portions of the motor from cast-iron, with the valve controlling conduits of a ductile non-corrodible material. These conduits are termed insert units, and comprise a bendable tubular element having terminals at each end capable of being driven or forced into apertures in the valve body and thereby substantially form an integral part of the body.

Insert units.-The insert units comprise the conduits or passages 43, 44, 45 and 46' for conveying water between the respective valve and power cylinders for controlling the operation of the valves. Their construction within the motor are principally illustrated in Fig. 3 of the drawings, while Fig. 10 illustrates a section of one of the units. These insert units are all similarly constructed and differ only in their particular bent form to reach from one valve cylinder to a respective power cylinder and in describing the same in detail, reference will only be made to one of them. Each unit comprises a tubing element 47, (see Fig. 10), preferably of copper so as to permit the same to be conveniently bent. Each end of the tubing has a terminal element 48, 49 rigidly secured thereto and the joint is fused together to form the two elements substantially integral with each other, and for all purposes may be regarded as integral elements within the scope of this invention. The two-part form of construction being merely for convenience of construction. The union, however, may be constructed in any well known manner. These insert units .are'embedded within a recess 50, formed in minals 48, 49, are each of circular form and coated with a fusible metal. The fusible metal coating provides a thin film over the terminals which accomodates for any slight variation in size between the relative diameters of the apertures and terminals. The terminals aremade from a rod as received from arolling mill, and for commercial purposes is very accurate in size, although sometimes varying a few thousandths of an inch, and, therefore, the coating insures a proper drive fit between the parts without gaging or special milling of the terminals. The fusible metal also adapts itself to fill the cavities in the walls of the terminal receiving apertures, and acts as a lubricant to aid in driving the terminal into an aperture, as well as a seal to make a water-tight joint. As the coating is applied by dipping, it forms a fillet around the exterior of the tube at its terminal juncture, which securely calks the tubing within the slot out between the recess 50 and terminal apertures.

It will be observed in the particular usage of the units herein illustrated that the terminals 48, 49 accupy a transverse position relative to the tubing and each provided with an aperture 51' in relative opposing ends of their respective terminals to establish opposing right angular leads for con- .duit continuity so as to respectively lead to the-walve and power cylinders connected together in superposed planes. The aperture of terminal 48 is directed upwardly so as to bring it in communication with the upper valve cylinder while the aperture of the terminal 49 is directed downwardly so as to bring it in communication with a lower ,power cylinder. It will be observed principally from Figs. 8 and 10, that the terminal 48 at its apertured end has a nipple projected therefrom for a reduction in the diameter of the bore at its entrance into the valve cylinder.

. As illustrated in Fig. 3, insert unit 43 is in the nature of a right angle bend having one terminal connecting with the left valve cylinder, while its opposite terminal is adapted to communicate with the right power cylinder. The insert unit 44 is bent similar to insert unit 43. connecting the same valve and power cylinders at the rear end thereof. Insert units 45 and 46 may be -;t ermed the cross-units which function as heretofore clearly described. By this construction it will be seen that the heretofore co pl cated. methods of. c nstruct g ch cross passages is overcome and easily made within the base of the valve chest, dispensing with diflicult coring or intermediate plate. Each passage is absolutely independent of the other and is not disturbed when sepa-v rating the cylinder chests.

In theprocess of manufacture, the valve chest is cast with the recess 50, after which with the power cylinder whioh'would possibly interfere with the separable'feature of the chests, but is contemplated within a broad aspect of this invention. With the units connected tothe valve chest it is necessary to provide a conduit. insert within the upper portion of the power cylinder in order that the entire length of the passage may be formed of a non-corrodible material, and this I accomplish, as is illustrated in Figs. 1, 6 and 8 by boring the cylinder chest from its upper parting surface to the cylinder. A tubing 54 is driven into such orifice so as to connect the terminal 49 of the insert unit with the power cylinder. This is positioned in registry with the aperture of the terminal and both being of a comparatively soft material form a friction seal whenthe parts are united.

Having described my invention, I claim 1+- 1. The combination of two chambered members with a bendable conduit unit hav-' ing terminal plugs apertured for passage continuity, each of said plugs adapted to be driven into an aperture to join said members.

2. A coupling unit comprisinga bendable tubing element with plug terminals. each terminal apertured for passage continuity through said terminals.

3. A coupling unit comprising a bendable tubing element with plugterminals. apertured transversely for passage continuity through said terminals.

4. A coupling unit comprising a bendable tubular element having transversely apertured plug terminals. the said apertures entering relative opposing ends of the respective terminals to establish opposing right angular leads for passage continuity through said terminals.

5. A fluid motor of the nature disclosed combining a power cylinder. a valve cylinder separably connected with said power cylinder having its parting surfacerecessed and apertured, and insert conduit units to provide passages for connecting said. cylinders, each unit comprising a bendable tubing element having terminals apertured for passage continuity, and each terminal inserted within said valve cylinder apertures with the tubing element embedded within the recess of said cylinder when the cylinders are united to completely house the same.

6. A fluid motor of the nature disclosed combining a power cylinder, a valve cylinder connected to said power cylinder and an insert conduit unit comprising a bendable tubing element having drive terminals apertured transversely for passage continuity, and embedded between said cylinders to establish communication between the cylinders.

7. A fluid motor having duplex power cylinders, duplex valve cylinders, and insert units, each comprising a bendable tubular element having transversely apertured terminals, the said apertures entering relative onoosing ends of the respective terminals to establish opposing right angular leads for passage continuity, and connected with one valve cylinder for establishing a passage between one valve cylinder and an opposite power cylinder.

8. A fluid motor of the nature disclosed combining two separable cylinder members and conduit for connecting said cylinders, comprising an insert unit formed of a bendable tubing element having plug terminals apertured for passage continuity, said terminals frictionally inserted within apertures formed in one of said members.

9. A fluid motor of the nature disclosed combining a power piston cylinder, a valve cylinder separably connected to said power piston cylinder, means for connecting said cylinders comprising a bendable tubular element having transverse plug terminals adapted to be secured within apertures formed in one of said cylinders, the relative opposing ends of the respective plug terminals apertured to establish opposing right angular leads for passage continuity, one communicating with the interior of the valve cylinder and the second with the interior of the power cylinder.

10. In a duplex fluid motor, a unit of right and left power cylinders, a unit of left and right valve cylinders, said power and valve cylinders separably connected with the parting surface of said valve cylinders intermediately recessed, a piston in each of said power cylinders each having an intermediate exhaust chamber, a valve in each of said valve cylinders each having three chambers, front and rear supply and intermediate exhaust, an intermediate exhaust passage common to all cylinders and exhaust chambers, a passage for each valve cylinder to the front of its respective power cylinder, a second passage to the rear thereof, conduit inserts within the recess of said valve cylinders, each comprising a bendable tubing with apertured plug terminals, the terminals secured within apertures in said valve cylinders to provide passages between the front and rear of one power cylinder, and the front and rear respectively of the opposite valve cylinder, a second set of conduit inserts within the recess of said valve cylinders comprising a bendable tubing with apertured terminals, the terminals secured within apertures in said valve cylinders to provide passages connecting the front and rear of the second power cylinder with its opposite valve cylinder from the front of one to the rear of the other, whereby the passages serve as supply and exhaust passages in relative alternate valve and piston reciprocations.

11. In a fluid motor, duplex power and valve cylinders with the valve cylinders separable from the power cylinders and the parting surface of the valve cylinders intermediately recessed, a piston reciprocating in each power cylinder, each having an intermediate exhaust chamber, a valve reciprocating in each valve cylinder, said valves each having duplex supply chambers and an intermediate exhaust chamber and exhaust outlet connecting valve and power cylinders, independent passages connecting each valve cylinder intermediately with the forward and rear ends of a respective power cylinder, independent passages connecting the forward and rear ends of one valve cylinder respectively with the forward and rear opposite power cylinder, each passage comprising an insert conduit unit mounted within the recess of said valve cylinders, each having apertured plug terminals secured within apertures in said valve cylinders, with the aperture of one terminal in registry with an aperture leading to a respective power cylinder, a second set of independent passages connecting the forward end of the second valve cylinder with the rear end of the opposite power cylinder, and the rear end of said valve cylinder with the forward portion of said power cylinder, each comprising insert conduit units having apertured plug terminals, the terminals secured within aper-' tures in said valve cylinders, the aperture of one terminal in registry with a respective aperture of a respective power cylinder whereby the passages serve as combined supply and exhaust in respective alternate valve and piston reciprocations.

12. A coupling unit comprising a bend able tubing element having one end headed to provide a drive terminal with the tube passage continuous through said terminal.

13. A coupling unit comprising a tubular member having an end provided with a drive terminal for securing unit in place and passage continuity.

6" V mag-w member with fusible-tnetul-Coated drive termy hand.

min dls. HUGH \V. KIMES.

15. A coupling unit comprising a member Wit'ri'esSe': V '5 having a fusible-metul-coated plug for se- ROLLA M. GALLOWAY, curing unit in place; 7 ROBERT LEE AMEs.

Copies 01 this patent may be obtained for five cents each. by addressing the Commissioner of Patents,

' Washington, D. C." 

